Precedents: Labor and social security
109 results. Rulings of the Mexican Supreme Court, the federal courts and the Federal Administrative Court (TFJA) in our practice areas. Each with a brief explanation and, for the most relevant ones, our take.
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Subject-matter jurisdiction. The Collegiate Circuit Court specialized in labor matters hears appeals filed in indirect amparo against fines imposed by federal or local Labor Conciliation Centers.
Official heading (Spanish): COMPETENCIA POR MATERIA. CORRESPONDE AL TRIBUNAL COLEGIADO EN MATERIA DE TRABAJO CONOCER DE LOS RECURSOS INTERPUESTOS EN AMPARO INDIRECTO CONTRA LA MULTA IMPUESTA POR CENTROS DE CONCILIACIÓN LABORAL, FEDERAL O LOCAL.
A fine imposed by a Labor Conciliation Center for missing the pre-trial conciliation hearing is a labor act in substance. Appeals in the related indirect amparo are heard by a labor Collegiate Circuit Court, not an administrative one.
Limitation period in labor matters. The general period under article 516 of the Federal Labor Law to claim benefits owed to a worker who died of natural causes runs from the day after the death, not from the declaration of beneficiaries.
Official heading (Spanish): PRESCRIPCIÓN EN MATERIA LABORAL. EL CÓMPUTO DEL PLAZO GENÉRICO PREVISTO EN EL ARTÍCULO 516 DE LA LEY FEDERAL DEL TRABAJO PARA RECLAMAR PRESTACIONES ADEUDADAS A UNA PERSONA TRABAJADORA FALLECIDA POR CAUSAS NATURALES, INICIA A PARTIR DEL DÍA SIGUIENTE AL DECESO Y NO DESDE LA DECLARATORIA DE PERSONAS BENEFICIARIAS.
Claims for benefits owed to a worker who died of natural causes are subject to the one-year period of article 516 of the Federal Labor Law, running from the day after the death, not from the declaration of beneficiaries. This gives employers a direct defense.
Job offer. In the ordinary labor proceeding, the proper procedural moment to make it is when answering the complaint; otherwise the right is forfeited.
Official heading (Spanish): OFRECIMIENTO DE TRABAJO. EL MOMENTO PROCESAL OPORTUNO PARA REALIZARLO EN EL PROCEDIMIENTO ORDINARIO LABORAL ES AL CONTESTAR LA DEMANDA, DE LO CONTRARIO PRECLUYE EL DERECHO.
Employers must make the job offer in their answer to the complaint. If made later and refused, it neither defeats the reinstatement claim nor caps back pay. Dismissal defense strategy must be set by the time of the answer.
Provisional permanent partial disability pension. The 1973 Social Security Law regime applies to determine whether an action to increase it is admissible if the insured person contributed under that law.
Official heading (Spanish): PENSIÓN POR INCAPACIDAD PERMANENTE PARCIAL CON CARÁCTER PROVISIONAL. ES APLICABLE EL RÉGIMEN DE LA LEY DEL SEGURO SOCIAL DE 1973 PARA DETERMINAR LA PROCEDENCIA DE LA ACCIÓN DE INCREMENTO, SI LA PERSONA ASEGURADA COTIZÓ BAJO DICHA NORMA.
Insured persons who began contributing under the 1973 Social Security Law may sue to increase a provisional permanent partial disability pension without first exhausting IMSS administrative remedies, under article 275 of that law. It broadens access to the courts under the former regime.
Conciliator of the Federal Conciliation and Labor Registry Center. Empowered to issue the summons and impose the fine for failing to appear at the pre-trial conciliation hearing (article 684-E, section IV, of the Federal Labor Law).
Official heading (Spanish): PERSONA CONCILIADORA DEL CENTRO FEDERAL DE CONCILIACIÓN Y REGISTRO LABORAL. ESTÁ FACULTADA PARA EMITIR EL CITATORIO E IMPONER LA MULTA POR NO COMPARECER A LA AUDIENCIA DE CONCILIACIÓN PREJUDICIAL (ARTÍCULO 684-E, FRACCIÓN IV, DE LA LEY FEDERAL DEL TRABAJO).
The conciliator at the Federal Labor Conciliation and Registry Center may issue the summons and impose the fine for missing the prejudicial conciliation hearing (Article 684-E, section IV, Federal Labor Law). Attend every summons; absences are fined.
Suspension of enforcement of the labor award in direct amparo. The amount set for the worker's subsistence constitutes a protective clause arising from the partial denial of the injunction.
Official heading (Spanish): SUSPENSIÓN DE LA EJECUCIÓN DEL LAUDO EN EL AMPARO DIRECTO. EL MONTO QUE SE FIJA POR CONCEPTO DE SUBSISTENCIA DE LA PARTE TRABAJADORA SE CONSTITUYE EN UNA CLÁUSULA DE PROTECCIÓN, DERIVADA DE LA NEGATIVA PARCIAL DE LA MEDIDA CAUTELAR.
The subsistence amount set for the worker when suspending an award is a protective clause arising from the partial denial of the interim measure (Article 190, Amparo Law). Employers seeking suspension should expect part of the award may still be demanded.
Reinstatement. The exception in article 49, section I, of the Federal Labor Law does not apply to the Autonomous University of Nayarit, because under clause 21 of its collective bargaining agreement it undertook to reinstate without conditioning that duty on the worker's seniority.
Official heading (Spanish): REINSTALACIÓN. LA EXCEPCIÓN PREVISTA EN EL ARTÍCULO 49, FRACCIÓN I, DE LA LEY FEDERAL DEL TRABAJO NO RESULTA APLICABLE A LA UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE NAYARIT, PORQUE CONFORME A LA CLÁUSULA 21 DE SU CONTRATO COLECTIVO DE TRABAJO ASUMIÓ LA OBLIGACIÓN DE REINSTALAR SIN CONDICIONARLA A LA ANTIGÜEDAD DE LA PERSONA TRABAJADORA.
The exception in Article 49, section I, of the Federal Labor Law does not apply to the Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, because clause 21 of its collective agreement requires reinstatement regardless of seniority.
Procedural requirement in article 899-C, section VI, of the Federal Labor Law. It must be met even when the labor case proceeds under the ordinary procedure because mixed claims, actionable through both the ordinary and the special social security procedures, are brought.
Official heading (Spanish): REQUISITO DE PROCEDIBILIDAD PREVISTO EN EL ARTÍCULO 899-C, FRACCIÓN VI, DE LA LEY FEDERAL DEL TRABAJO. DEBE CUMPLIRSE AUN CUANDO EL JUICIO LABORAL SE TRAMITE EN EL PROCEDIMIENTO ORDINARIO, POR DEMANDARSE PRESTACIONES MIXTAS RECLAMABLES EN LAS VÍAS ORDINARIA Y ESPECIAL DE SEGURIDAD SOCIAL.
The procedural requirement in Article 899-C, section VI, of the Federal Labor Law must be met even when the case follows the ordinary procedure because of mixed claims. The ordinary route alone does not exempt the plaintiff.
Suspension in direct labor amparo. Where several parties are held liable, the worker's subsistence amount is a single sum and must not be set separately for each of them.
Official heading (Spanish): SUSPENSIÓN EN AMPARO DIRECTO LABORAL. EL MONTO DE SUBSISTENCIA DE LA PARTE TRABAJADORA, CUANDO EXISTE PLURALIDAD DE PERSONAS CONDENADAS, ES UNO SOLO Y NO DEBE FIJARSE INDIVIDUALMENTE POR CADA UNA DE ELLAS.
When several parties are ordered to pay in an award and one files direct amparo and seeks suspension, the worker's subsistence amount is a single sum, not set per defendant. Useful for estimating what must be covered to suspend enforcement.
Labor proceedings. They are the proper route to claim the cessation of workplace harassment (mobbing) and of wage deductions.
Official heading (Spanish): VÍA LABORAL. PROCEDE PARA DEMANDAR EL CESE DE HOSTIGAMIENTO LABORAL (MOBBING) Y DE DESCUENTOS SALARIALES.
The labor route is available to demand an end to workplace harassment (mobbing) and related salary deductions. The claim seeks compliance with the employer's legal duties. Companies should maintain prevention and response protocols.
Labor proceedings. Their availability must be assessed with a gender perspective when a female worker sues to stop workplace harassment (mobbing).
Official heading (Spanish): VÍA LABORAL. SU PROCEDENCIA DEBE ANALIZARSE CON PERSPECTIVA DE GÉNERO CUANDO UNA TRABAJADORA DEMANDA EL CESE DE HOSTIGAMIENTO LABORAL (MOBBING).
When a female worker demands an end to workplace harassment, admissibility of the labor route must be analyzed with a gender perspective. Dismissing the claim for not fitting a named cause of action prevents review of its substance and can hide structural violence.
Medical expert evidence in labor proceedings. How to cure the omission of the worker's identification in the expert report.
Official heading (Spanish): PRUEBA PERICIAL MÉDICA EN EL PROCEDIMIENTO LABORAL. FORMA DE SUBSANAR LA OMISIÓN DE CITAR EN EL DICTAMEN PERICIAL RESPECTIVO LA IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LA PERSONA TRABAJADORA.
If a labor medical expert report omits the worker's identification, the defect can be cured. This lowers the risk of losing the evidence over a formal error, though the report should still be drafted completely.
Offer of reinstatement. To classify it as made in good faith and, where applicable, determine whether the burden of proof shifts, evidence on whether the dismissal that gave rise to the labor case occurred must not be assessed.
Official heading (Spanish): OFRECIMIENTO DE TRABAJO. PARA CALIFICARLO DE BUENA FE Y, EN SU CASO, DETERMINAR LA PROCEDENCIA DE LA REVERSIÓN DE LA CARGA DE LA PRUEBA, NO DEBEN VALORARSE LOS MEDIOS PROBATORIOS RELACIONADOS CON LA EXISTENCIA O INEXISTENCIA DEL DESPIDO QUE DIO ORIGEN AL JUICIO LABORAL
In cases arising from a first dismissal, evidence on whether the dismissal occurred is not weighed when assessing the good faith of a job offer and whether the burden of proof shifts.
Service of process in a labor proceeding. For it to be valid, a copy of the notice of service provided in article 751 of the Federal Labor Law must be added to the case file.
Official heading (Spanish): EMPLAZAMIENTO AL JUICIO LABORAL. PARA SU VALIDEZ, DEBE AGREGARSE AL EXPEDIENTE COPIA DE LA CÉDULA DE NOTIFICACIÓN PREVISTA EN EL ARTÍCULO 751 DE LA LEY FEDERAL DEL TRABAJO.
For service of process in a labor suit to be valid, the process server must add to the file a copy of the notification record under Article 751 of the Federal Labor Law. Its absence can support a nullity argument.
Beneficiaries in labor matters. The employer lacks legal standing to challenge the designation in amparo, even if it is also ordered to pay economic benefits that do not derive from a prior final award.
Official heading (Spanish): PERSONAS BENEFICIARIAS EN MATERIA LABORAL. LA PARTE PATRONAL CARECE DE INTERÉS JURÍDICO PARA IMPUGNAR EN AMPARO LA DECLARACIÓN RESPECTIVA, AUNQUE TAMBIÉN EXISTA CONDENA AL PAGO DE PRESTACIONES ECONÓMICAS QUE NO DERIVAN DE UN LAUDO FIRME PREVIO
An employer lacks legal standing to challenge in amparo the declaration of beneficiaries, since it is outside sections I to V of Article 501 of the Federal Labor Law, even if the same ruling orders it to pay benefits. The payment order itself remains challengeable.
Witness testimony in labor matters. Factors the authority must consider to assess it rationally.
Official heading (Spanish): PRUEBA TESTIMONIAL EN MATERIA LABORAL. FACTORES DE ANÁLISIS QUE LA AUTORIDAD DEBE CONSIDERAR PARA VALORARLA RACIONALMENTE.
To assess witness evidence rationally in labor matters, the authority must weigh factors showing whether the account matches reality, such as the source of the witness's knowledge. Offer witnesses with direct knowledge of the facts.
Witness testimony in labor matters. The criteria of certainty, uniformity, impartiality and consistency for assessing it must be applied under the rationalist conception of evidence adopted by the Federal Labor Law.
Official heading (Spanish): PRUEBA TESTIMONIAL EN MATERIA LABORAL. LOS CRITERIOS DE CERTIDUMBRE, UNIFORMIDAD, IMPARCIALIDAD Y CONGRUENCIA PARA SU VALORACIÓN DEBEN APRECIARSE DESDE LA CONCEPCIÓN RACIONALISTA DE LA PRUEBA QUE ADOPTA LA LEY FEDERAL DEL TRABAJO.
The criteria of certainty, uniformity, impartiality and consistency for weighing witnesses in labor matters must be applied through the rationalist approach to evidence adopted by the Federal Labor Law, not as mechanical rules.
Salary for payment of constitutional severance. A settlement incident must be opened to set the salary applicable at the time of payment, under article 48, first paragraph, of the Federal Labor Law.
Official heading (Spanish): SALARIO PARA EL PAGO DE LA INDEMNIZACIÓN CONSTITUCIONAL. DEBE ORDENARSE LA APERTURA DEL INCIDENTE DE LIQUIDACIÓN PARA FIJAR EL SALARIO QUE DEBA CORRESPONDER AL MOMENTO DEL PAGO, CONFORME AL ARTÍCULO 48, PÁRRAFO PRIMERO, DE LA LEY FEDERAL DEL TRABAJO.
The constitutional severance payment is calculated with the salary in effect on the payment date, so the liquidation incident under Article 48, first paragraph, of the Federal Labor Law must be opened. This affects how labor liabilities are estimated.
Individual social security disputes brought by foreign workers. Proving their permanent departure from Mexico and lack of intent to return to work here is not a procedural requirement.
Official heading (Spanish): CONFLICTOS INDIVIDUALES DE SEGURIDAD SOCIAL PROMOVIDOS POR PERSONAS TRABAJADORAS EXTRANJERAS. NO CONSTITUYE UN REQUISITO DE PROCEDIBILIDAD ACREDITAR SU SALIDA DEFINITIVA DE MÉXICO Y QUE NO ES SU INTENCIÓN REGRESAR A LABORAR A ESTE PAÍS.
In individual social security disputes brought by foreign workers, proof of permanent departure from Mexico and of no intent to return to work is not a procedural requirement.
Individual social security disputes. Labor courts lack authority to require the plaintiff, as a condition for admitting the claim, to submit the evidence they deem effective to prove its claims, under article 899-C, section VIII, of the Federal Labor Law.
Official heading (Spanish): CONFLICTOS INDIVIDUALES DE SEGURIDAD SOCIAL. LOS TRIBUNALES LABORALES CARECEN DE ATRIBUCIONES PARA EXIGIR A LA PARTE ACTORA, COMO REQUISITO DE PROCEDIBILIDAD DE LA DEMANDA, LAS PRUEBAS QUE AQUÉLLOS CONSIDEREN EFICACES PARA ACREDITAR SUS PRETENSIONES, CONFORME AL ARTÍCULO 899-C, FRACCIÓN VIII, DE LA LEY FEDERAL DEL TRABAJO
Under Article 899-C, section VIII, of the Federal Labor Law, labor courts cannot require, as an admissibility condition, the evidence they deem effective to prove the claimant's case.
Provisional suspension. It is available against a fine imposed as an enforcement measure on one of the parties in a labor proceeding.
Official heading (Spanish): SUSPENSIÓN PROVISIONAL. PROCEDE CONTRA LA MULTA IMPUESTA COMO MEDIDA DE APREMIO A UNA DE LAS PARTES EN UN PROCEDIMIENTO LABORAL.
A provisional suspension is available against a fine imposed as an enforcement measure on a party in a labor proceeding, solely so it is not enforced until the definitive suspension is decided.
Periods recorded in the Comprehensive Contributions System of the Institute of the National Workers' Housing Fund (SIA-INFONAVIT). They constitute direct evidence to the contrary that rebuts the certificate of rights issued by the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS) regarding contribution time not recognized by it.
Official heading (Spanish): PERIODOS ASENTADOS EN EL SISTEMA INTEGRAL DE APORTACIONES DEL INSTITUTO DEL FONDO NACIONAL DE LA VIVIENDA PARA LOS TRABAJADORES (SIA-INFONAVIT). CONSTITUYEN PRUEBA DIRECTA EN CONTRARIO QUE DESVIRTÚA LA HOJA DE CERTIFICACIÓN DE DERECHOS EXPEDIDA POR EL INSTITUTO MEXICANO DEL SEGURO SOCIAL (IMSS), RESPECTO DEL TIEMPO DE COTIZACIÓN NO RECONOCIDO POR ÉSTE
Periods recorded in INFONAVIT's SIA system are direct contrary evidence that overcomes the IMSS certificate of rights for contribution time IMSS does not recognize. Keep those records when disputing contributed weeks.
Relapse arising from an occupational risk. The contribution wage base for calculating the corresponding benefits is the one registered for the insured person when the Mexican Social Security Institute determines that the relapse is admissible.
Official heading (Spanish): RECAÍDA DERIVADA DE UN RIESGO DE TRABAJO. EL SALARIO BASE DE COTIZACIÓN PARA CALCULAR LAS PRESTACIONES CORRESPONDIENTES ES EL QUE LA PERSONA ASEGURADA TENGA REGISTRADO AL MOMENTO EN QUE EL INSTITUTO MEXICANO DEL SEGURO SOCIAL DETERMINE LA PROCEDENCIA DE LA RECAÍDA.
Benefits for a relapse from an occupational risk are calculated on the contribution salary registered when the IMSS determines the relapse valid. This affects the cost of work-risk claims.
Federal nullity action. It is not available against a fine imposed by the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration.
Official heading (Spanish): JUICIO CONTENCIOSO ADMINISTRATIVO FEDERAL. ES IMPROCEDENTE CONTRA UNA MULTA IMPUESTA POR EL CENTRO FEDERAL DE CONCILIACIÓN Y REGISTRO LABORAL
A federal administrative nullity action does not lie against a fine the Federal Labor Conciliation and Registry Center imposes on an employer for missing a conciliation hearing. The challenge must follow the appropriate labor or amparo route.
Inspection evidence in labor matters. Article 827, first paragraph, of the Federal Labor Law must be interpreted functionally in light of the principle of reality.
Official heading (Spanish): PRUEBA DE INSPECCIÓN EN MATERIA LABORAL. EL ARTÍCULO 827, PÁRRAFO PRIMERO, DE LA LEY FEDERAL DEL TRABAJO DEBE INTERPRETARSE DE MANERA FUNCIONAL EN ATENCIÓN AL PRINCIPIO DE REALIDAD.
Article 827, first paragraph, of the Federal Labor Law must be read functionally and in line with the principle of reality for inspection evidence. When offering it, state clearly its purpose and the documents to be examined.
Pre-trial conciliation. It need not be exhausted as to 'whoever is responsible for the workplace' when the certificate relating to the fully identified employer is submitted (interpretation of articles 684-B, 684-C, 712 and 872, section B, subsection I, of the Federal Labor Law).
Official heading (Spanish): CONCILIACIÓN PREJUDICIAL. NO ES NECESARIO AGOTARLA RESPECTO DE "QUIEN RESULTE RESPONSABLE DE LA FUENTE DE TRABAJO", CUANDO SE EXHIBE LA CONSTANCIA RELATIVA A LA PATRONAL PLENAMENTE IDENTIFICADA (INTERPRETACIÓN DE LOS ARTÍCULOS 684-B, 684-C, 712 Y 872, APARTADO B, FRACCIÓN I, DE LA LEY FEDERAL DEL TRABAJO).
Pre-trial conciliation need not be exhausted against "whoever is responsible for the workplace" when the main employer is clearly identified and its certificate of failed conciliation is filed.
Vacation premium. Under clause 34 of the collective bargaining agreement of the Juárez University of the State of Durango, it must be paid for each vacation period.
Official heading (Spanish): PRIMA VACACIONAL. CONFORME A LA CLÁUSULA 34 DEL CONTRATO COLECTIVO DE TRABAJO DE LA UNIVERSIDAD JUÁREZ DEL ESTADO DE DURANGO, DEBE PAGARSE POR CADA PERIODO VACACIONAL.
Under clause 34 of the Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango collective bargaining agreement, the vacation premium is payable for every vacation period. It illustrates how above-minimum clauses are read.
Social security. Actual seniority for time worked must be recognized for pension purposes even if the mandatory regime was not formally implemented in a given area.
Official heading (Spanish): SEGURIDAD SOCIAL. PROCEDE RECONOCER LA ANTIGÜEDAD EFECTIVA DEL TIEMPO LABORADO PARA EFECTOS DE PENSIÓN, AUN CUANDO EL RÉGIMEN OBLIGATORIO NO HUBIERA SIDO FORMALMENTE IMPLANTADO EN DETERMINADA CIRCUNSCRIPCIÓN.
IMSS's operational limits in rolling out the mandatory regime in a given area cannot restrict a worker's right to have time actually worked recognized for pension purposes. Useful when documenting long-past employment histories.
Declaration of beneficiaries in labor matters. Social security institutions or retirement fund administrators (Afores) have legal standing to file a direct amparo, even if they were not parties to the proceeding, if the resulting decision orders them to return funds.
Official heading (Spanish): DECLARACIÓN DE BENEFICIARIOS EN MATERIA LABORAL. TIENEN INTERÉS JURÍDICO PARA PROMOVER AMPARO DIRECTO LAS INSTITUCIONES DE SEGURIDAD SOCIAL O ADMINISTRADORAS DE FONDOS PARA EL RETIRO (AFORES), AUN CUANDO NO HAYAN SIDO PARTE EN EL PROCEDIMIENTO, SI LA RESOLUCIÓN RELATIVA LES ORDENA DEVOLVER RECURSOS.
A pension fund manager (Afore) that was not a party to the non-contentious beneficiary proceeding has standing to file a direct amparo if the ruling orders it to return funds.
Accounting expert evidence in labor matters. As a general rule it is inadmissible when its purpose is to quantify the integrated wage or the awards in a liquidation incident arising from benefits under a collective bargaining agreement.
Official heading (Spanish): PRUEBA PERICIAL CONTABLE EN MATERIA LABORAL. POR REGLA GENERAL ES INADMISIBLE CUANDO SU OBJETO ES CUANTIFICAR EL SALARIO INTEGRADO O LAS CONDENAS EN UN INCIDENTE DE LIQUIDACIÓN DERIVADAS DEL PAGO DE PRESTACIONES PREVISTAS EN UN CONTRATO COLECTIVO DE TRABAJO.
As a rule, accounting expert evidence is inadmissible in labor proceedings to quantify integrated salary or awards in a liquidation incident, as it requires no specialized technical knowledge.
Post-mortem pension. The requirement conditioning its grant on the widow or common-law partner having been expressly designated as beneficiary violates the right to social security.
Official heading (Spanish): PENSIÓN POST-MORTEM. EL REQUISITO QUE CONDICIONA SU OTORGAMIENTO A QUE LA VIUDA O CONCUBINA HUBIERA SIDO DESIGNADA EXPRESAMENTE COMO BENEFICIARIA, VULNERA EL DERECHO A LA SEGURIDAD SOCIAL.
Article 4 of the Post-Mortem Pension Type "D" Regulations in the Pemex collective bargaining agreement violates the right to social security by requiring that the widow or partner have been expressly named a beneficiary.
Wage differences. Payment is owed when the worker designated as acting officer effectively and continuously performs the duties of a higher, better-paid position, even if the definitive appointment was never formally granted.
Official heading (Spanish): DIFERENCIAS SALARIALES. PROCEDE SU PAGO CUANDO LA PERSONA TRABAJADORA DESIGNADA COMO ENCARGADA DEL DESPACHO REALIZA DE MANERA EFECTIVA Y CONTINUA LAS FUNCIONES DE UN PUESTO SUPERIOR MEJOR REMUNERADO, AUN CUANDO NO SE LE HAYA OTORGADO FORMALMENTE EL NOMBRAMIENTO DEFINITIVO.
Salary differences are owed to a worker designated as acting head who effectively and continuously performs the duties of a higher, better-paid post, even without a permanent appointment.
Reclassification in workplace risk insurance. Using a manual hand truck ("diablito") does not by itself support reclassifying from section 632 to 633 under Article 196 of the Regulations to the Social Security Law on affiliation, classification, collection and audits.
Official heading (Spanish): RECTIFICACIÓN DE CLASIFICACIÓN EN EL SEGURO DE RIESGOS DE TRABAJO. EL USO DE UN “DIABLITO” DE CARGA MANUAL NO SUSTENTA POR SÍ MISMO LA RECLASIFICACIÓN DE LA FRACCIÓN 632 A LA FRACCIÓN 633, QUE CONTEMPLA EL ARTÍCULO 196 DEL REGLAMENTO DE LA LEY DEL SEGURO SOCIAL EN MATERIA DE AFILIACIÓN, CLASIFICACIÓN DE EMPRESAS, RECAUDACIÓN Y FISCALIZACIÓN
Using a manual hand truck alone does not justify reclassifying from section 632 to 633 in workplace risk insurance (Art. 196, Social Security Law Regulations). Among other factors, the equipment must considerably raise risk, like a forklift. Useful against premium increases.
Beneficiaries of a deceased worker. Their designation must favor the family status consolidated over time over biological truth, given the best interests of the child.
Official heading (Spanish): BENEFICIARIOS DE LA PERSONA TRABAJADORA FALLECIDA. EN SU DESIGNACIÓN SE DEBE PRIVILEGIAR EL ESTADO DE FAMILIA CONSOLIDADO EN EL TIEMPO, SOBRE LA VERDAD BIOLÓGICA, EN ATENCIÓN AL INTERÉS SUPERIOR DE LA NIÑEZ
In designating beneficiaries of a deceased worker, a family status consolidated over time takes priority over biological truth, in light of the best interests of the child.
Territorial jurisdiction in direct amparo. It lies with the Collegiate Circuit Court at the seat of the Federal Conciliation and Arbitration Board that issued the first challenged award, even if its jurisdiction was later modified or it was abolished by administrative order.
Official heading (Spanish): COMPETENCIA POR TERRITORIO EN EL AMPARO DIRECTO. CORRESPONDE AL TRIBUNAL COLEGIADO DE CIRCUITO DEL DOMICILIO DE LA JUNTA FEDERAL DE CONCILIACIÓN Y ARBITRAJE QUE DICTÓ EL PRIMER LAUDO RECLAMADO, AUNQUE CON POSTERIORIDAD SE HAYA MODIFICADO SU COMPETENCIA O SUPRIMIDO MEDIANTE ACUERDO ADMINISTRATIVO.
Jurisdiction over a direct amparo against the first award of a Federal Conciliation and Arbitration Board is set by that Board's seat, even if its competence was later modified or abolished by administrative agreement.
Gender perspective in labor matters. Courts are obliged to apply it in cases of workplace harassment.
Official heading (Spanish): PERSPECTIVA DE GÉNERO EN MATERIA LABORAL. LOS ÓRGANOS JURISDICCIONALES TIENEN LA OBLIGACIÓN DE APLICARLA EN CASOS DE ACOSO LABORAL.
Courts must apply a gender perspective when a female worker alleges workplace harassment, including vertical harassment. Employers should review protocols and records, since courts will examine context, not only formal evidence.
Fixed-term hiring of teaching staff. For it to be valid, private educational institutions must prove that the work subject matter ceased upon expiration of the contract.
Official heading (Spanish): CONTRATACIÓN POR TIEMPO DETERMINADO DE PERSONAL DOCENTE. PARA QUE RESULTE VÁLIDA, LAS INSTITUCIONES EDUCATIVAS PARTICULARES DEBEN ACREDITAR QUE AL VENCIMIENTO DEL CONTRATO SE EXTINGUIÓ LA MATERIA DE TRABAJO.
Private schools hiring teachers for a single school year must objectively show the work ended when the contract expired. Otherwise, the employment relationship is extended for as long as the work continues.
Burden of proof in labor proceedings. The employer must prove the amount and payment of wages, even when the worker alleges that part of the wage is paid off payroll.
Official heading (Spanish): CARGA PROBATORIA EN EL JUICIO LABORAL. CORRESPONDE A LA PATRONAL ACREDITAR EL MONTO Y PAGO DEL SALARIO, AUN CUANDO LA PERSONA TRABAJADORA ALEGUE QUE RECIBE UNA PARTE "FUERA DE NÓMINA".
The employer bears the burden of proving the amount and payment of wages, even if the worker alleges that part was paid "off the payroll". Complete payment records are the best defense.
Service of the first order issued in a labor proceeding. It must be served personally on the worker at the address designated for that purpose.
Official heading (Spanish): NOTIFICACIÓN DEL PRIMER PROVEÍDO DICTADO EN EL JUICIO LABORAL. DEBE REALIZARSE DE FORMA PERSONAL A LA PERSONA TRABAJADORA EN EL DOMICILIO SEÑALADO PARA TAL EFECTO.
The first order in a labor trial, which accepts the complaint and issues a requirement and warning to the plaintiff, must be served personally on the worker at the designated address.
Limitation in public-sector labor matters. The period for the employer to exercise its disciplinary power begins when it learns of the facts attributed to the worker, not according to the seriousness of the alleged conduct (legislation of the State of Guanajuato).
Official heading (Spanish): PRESCRIPCIÓN EN MATERIA LABORAL BUROCRÁTICA. EL PLAZO PARA EL EJERCICIO DE LA FACULTAD SANCIONADORA DE LA PATRONAL INICIA A PARTIR DEL MOMENTO EN QUE ADQUIERE CONOCIMIENTO DE LOS HECHOS IMPUTADOS A LA PERSONA TRABAJADORA, Y NO EN FUNCIÓN DE LA GRAVEDAD DE LA CONDUCTA ATRIBUIDA (LEGISLACIÓN DEL ESTADO DE GUANAJUATO).
In Guanajuato, the limitation period for a public employer's power to sanction runs from when it learns of the alleged facts, regardless of how serious the conduct is.
Termination of the employment relationship by mutual consent. Evidence produced at trial must be weighed from an intersectional perspective when the worker is in a situation of vulnerability.
Official heading (Spanish): TERMINACIÓN DE LA RELACIÓN LABORAL POR MUTUO CONSENTIMIENTO. DEBEN VALORARSE CON PERSPECTIVA DE INTERSECCIONALIDAD LAS PRUEBAS DESAHOGADAS EN JUICIO, CUANDO SE ADVIERTA UNA SITUACIÓN DE VULNERABILIDAD DE LA PERSONA TRABAJADORA.
When an employer asserts termination by mutual consent and the worker is in a vulnerable situation, the evidence must be assessed through an intersectional lens, in addition to supplying deficiencies in the complaint.
Motion to annul the notice of a labor judgment. It must be exhausted before indirect amparo under the principle of finality (interpretation of articles 762, section I, and 763 Bis of the Federal Labor Law).
Official heading (Spanish): INCIDENTE DE NULIDAD CONTRA LA NOTIFICACIÓN DE LA SENTENCIA LABORAL. DEBE AGOTARSE PREVIO AL AMPARO INDIRECTO EN OBSERVANCIA AL PRINCIPIO DE DEFINITIVIDAD (INTERPRETACIÓN DE LOS ARTÍCULOS 762, FRACCIÓN I, Y 763 BIS DE LA LEY FEDERAL DEL TRABAJO).
Before filing an indirect amparo against service of a labor judgment, the motion to annul service under Article 762, section I, of the Federal Labor Law must be exhausted. Skipping it makes the amparo inadmissible.
Contrary evidence in labor matters. The evidence provided for in articles 712 and 873-A of the Federal Labor Law is not compatible with the defense of termination for cause.
Official heading (Spanish): PRUEBA EN CONTRARIO EN MATERIA LABORAL. LA PREVISTA EN LOS ARTÍCULOS 712 Y 873-A DE LA LEY FEDERAL DEL TRABAJO NO ES COMPATIBLE CON LA EXCEPCIÓN DE RESCISIÓN.
The contrary evidence provided in Articles 712 and 873-A of the Federal Labor Law is incompatible with the defense of rescission. An employer asserting rescission must prove it by other means.
Provisional suspension with restorative effects. It is not available against the physical refusal to receive a request for permanent employment status, because granting it would confer a full benefit that leaves the amparo without subject matter.
Official heading (Spanish): SUSPENSIÓN PROVISIONAL CON EFECTOS RESTITUTORIOS. ES IMPROCEDENTE CONTRA LA NEGATIVA MATERIAL A RECIBIR UNA SOLICITUD DE BASIFICACIÓN LABORAL, PORQUE SU CONCESIÓN IMPLICA UN BENEFICIO TOTAL QUE DEJA SIN MATERIA EL JUICIO DE AMPARO.
A provisional suspension with restitutory effects is unavailable against the refusal to receive a labor tenure (basificación) request, because granting it would deliver the full relief sought and moot the amparo.
Provisional suspension with restorative effects. Binding precedent PR.L.CS. J/41 L (11a.) does not apply when the claim is the failure to resolve the quantification proceeding of a labor award or judgment.
Official heading (Spanish): SUSPENSIÓN PROVISIONAL CON EFECTOS RESTITUTORIOS. ES INAPLICABLE LA JURISPRUDENCIA PR.L.CS. J/41 L (11a.) CUANDO SE RECLAMA LA OMISIÓN DE RESOLVER EL INCIDENTE DE LIQUIDACIÓN DE UN LAUDO O SENTENCIAS EN MATERIA DE TRABAJO.
Jurisprudence PR.L.CS. J/41 L (11a.), allowing restitutory suspension against the omission to continue enforcing an award, does not apply when the challenged omission is the failure to resolve the liquidation incident.
Claim for constitutional severance for tacit or constructive unjustified dismissal. It succeeds when the employer is shown to have taken actions from which the end of the employment relationship can reasonably be inferred.
Official heading (Spanish): ACCIÓN DE INDEMNIZACIÓN CONSTITUCIONAL POR DESPIDO INJUSTIFICADO TÁCITO O EQUIPARADO. PROCEDE CUANDO SE DEMUESTRA QUE LA PARTE PATRONAL DESPLEGÓ ACTOS QUE PERMITEN INFERIR RAZONABLEMENTE LA CONCLUSIÓN DE LA RELACIÓN LABORAL.
Constitutional compensation for tacit or equivalent unjustified dismissal is available when the facts and evidence show the employer took actions from which the end of the employment relationship can reasonably be inferred.
Preliminary hearing in labor proceedings. Failing to object to the judge's rulings at each of its stages amounts to tacit consent.
Official heading (Spanish): AUDIENCIA PRELIMINAR EN EL JUICIO LABORAL. LA ABSTENCIÓN DE INCONFORMARSE CONTRA LO DETERMINADO POR LA PERSONA JUZGADORA EN CADA UNA DE SUS ETAPAS, PRODUCE CONSENTIMIENTO TÁCITO.
In a labor trial's preliminary hearing, parties who appear but do not object to the judge's rulings at each stage tacitly consent to them. Object on the spot.
Partial dismissal of a labor complaint. It is warranted for social security claims when a procedural requirement is unmet, but the court must rule on the declaration of beneficiaries and on employment-related claims unconnected to them.
Official heading (Spanish): DESECHAMIENTO PARCIAL DE LA DEMANDA LABORAL. PROCEDE RESPECTO DE LAS PRESTACIONES DE SEGURIDAD SOCIAL CUANDO SE INCUMPLE ALGÚN REQUISITO DE PROCEDIBILIDAD, PERO EL TRIBUNAL DEBE PRONUNCIARSE SOBRE LA DECLARACIÓN DE BENEFICIARIOS Y LAS PRESTACIONES DERIVADAS DEL VÍNCULO LABORAL NO RELACIONADAS CON AQUÉLLAS.
A labor court may partially dismiss the complaint as to social security claims if a procedural requirement is missing, but it must still rule on the declaration of beneficiaries and unrelated employment claims.
Manifest and systematic technical incompetence of a party's legal representative in labor proceedings. Article 685 Bis of the Federal Labor Law empowers the judge, upon noticing it, to require the party to appoint another, without distinguishing between worker and employer.
Official heading (Spanish): MANIFIESTA Y SISTEMÁTICA INCAPACIDAD TÉCNICA DEL APODERADO LEGAL DE ALGUNA DE LAS PARTES EN EL PROCEDIMIENTO LABORAL. EL ARTÍCULO 685 BIS DE LA LEY FEDERAL DEL TRABAJO DOTA DE FACULTADES A LA PERSONA JUZGADORA PARA QUE EN LOS CASOS EN QUE LA ADVIERTA, LAS PREVENGA PARA QUE DESIGNEN OTRO, SIN DISTINGUIR SI SE TRATA DE LA PARTE TRABAJADORA O DE LA PATRONAL.
Article 685 Bis of the Federal Labor Law lets the judge require a party, whether worker or employer, to appoint a different representative on finding the current one manifestly and systematically technically incompetent.
Accrued wages. They are not payable in the incidental proceeding for refusal to submit to arbitration, even when the main claim is reinstatement.
Official heading (Spanish): SALARIOS DEVENGADOS. NO PROCEDE SU PAGO EN EL INCIDENTE DE INSUMISIÓN AL ARBITRAJE, AUN CUANDO LA ACCIÓN PRINCIPAL SEA LA DE REINSTALACIÓN.
Under Articles 48 and 947 of the Federal Labor Law, if the employer's incident of refusal to submit to arbitration succeeds, it is not ordered to pay accrued wages, even when the main claim is reinstatement.
Territorial jurisdiction over direct amparo against the first award issued by a labor board that, under an administrative order, was replaced and whose jurisdiction was modified and assigned to another board located in a different judicial circuit. It lies with the Collegiate Circuit Court with jurisdiction over the successor board.
Official heading (Spanish): COMPETENCIA POR TERRITORIO PARA CONOCER DEL AMPARO DIRECTO CONTRA EL PRIMER LAUDO DICTADO POR UNA JUNTA LABORAL QUE CON MOTIVO DE UN ACUERDO ADMINISTRATIVO FUE SUSTITUIDA Y SU COMPETENCIA FUE MODIFICADA Y ASIGNADA A OTRA UBICADA EN DISTINTO CIRCUITO JUDICIAL. CORRESPONDE AL TRIBUNAL COLEGIADO DE CIRCUITO QUE EJERCE JURISDICCIÓN SOBRE LA JUNTA SUSTITUTA.
When a labor board is replaced by administrative agreement and its jurisdiction passes to a board in another circuit, the direct amparo against the first award goes to the Collegiate Circuit Court covering the substitute board.
Territorial jurisdiction over indirect amparo against the failure to issue the order or decision declaring that the action to enforce a labor award is time-barred. It lies with the District Court that first took cognizance, since the omission has no material execution.
Official heading (Spanish): COMPETENCIA POR TERRITORIO PARA CONOCER DEL AMPARO INDIRECTO CONTRA LA OMISIÓN DE DICTAR EL ACUERDO O RESOLUCIÓN QUE DECLARE LA PRESCRIPCIÓN DE LA ACCIÓN PARA EJECUTAR UN LAUDO. SE SURTE EN FAVOR DEL JUEZ DE DISTRITO QUE PREVINO EN EL CONOCIMIENTO DEL ASUNTO, AL CARECER DICHO ACTO OMISIVO DE EJECUCIÓN MATERIAL.
For an amparo against the omission to declare that the right to enforce an award has lapsed, the District Judge who first took the case has jurisdiction, as the omission has no material execution (Article 37, last paragraph, Amparo Law).
Limitation of labor claims. Work stoppages and suspension of deadlines ordered by federal judiciary bodies do not extend the period under Articles 516 and 522 of the Federal Labor Law.
Official heading (Spanish): PRESCRIPCIÓN DE LA ACCIÓN LABORAL. LA SUSPENSIÓN DE LABORES Y DE PLAZOS DECRETADA POR ÓRGANOS DEL PODER JUDICIAL DE LA FEDERACIÓN NO PRORROGA EL TÉRMINO PREVISTO EN LOS ARTÍCULOS 516 Y 522 DE LA LEY FEDERAL DEL TRABAJO.
A federal judiciary work stoppage and the resulting suspension of procedural deadlines do not extend the limitation period for labor claims under Articles 516 and 522 of the Federal Labor Law.
Conflicts over severance of labor cases. If the Collegiate Circuit Court finds the severance ordered by a labor court improper, it must order the matter returned to the original case.
Official heading (Spanish): CONFLICTOS POR SEPARACIÓN DE JUICIOS LABORALES. SI EL TRIBUNAL COLEGIADO DE CIRCUITO DETERMINA QUE ES IMPROCEDENTE LA SEPARACIÓN DECRETADA POR UN TRIBUNAL LABORAL DEBE ORDENAR QUE SE REINCORPORE AL JUICIO PRIMIGENIO EL ASUNTO MATERIA DEL CONFLICTO.
If a Collegiate Circuit Court finds a labor court's severance of cases improper, it must order the matter returned to the original case, without extending its ruling to other cases.
Inspection evidence in labor proceedings. The requirement to offer it in affirmative terms must not be applied with formalistic or exhaustive rigor.
Official heading (Spanish): PRUEBA DE INSPECCIÓN EN EL PROCEDIMIENTO LABORAL. EL REQUISITO DE OFRECERLA EN SENTIDO AFIRMATIVO NO DEBE SUJETARSE A RIGORISMOS FORMALISTAS O EXHAUSTIVOS.
Inspection evidence in labor proceedings must be offered affirmatively, stating the facts to be proven, but without formalistic or exhaustive requirements. This lowers the risk of rejection over minor drafting details.
Social security contributions. They must be paid and remitted by the public employer from the date of unjustified dismissal until the date reinstatement actually takes place (Aguascalientes legislation).
Official heading (Spanish): CUOTAS DE SEGURIDAD SOCIAL. DEBEN PAGARSE Y ENTERARSE POR LA ENTIDAD PÚBLICA PATRONAL DESDE LA FECHA DEL DESPIDO INJUSTIFICADO HASTA AQUELLA EN LA QUE SE MATERIALICE LA REINSTALACIÓN (LEGISLACIÓN DEL ESTADO DE AGUASCALIENTES).
In Aguascalientes, the public employer must pay and remit social security contributions from the unjustified dismissal until reinstatement actually takes place.
Territorial jurisdiction over an indirect amparo against a fine imposed by a state labor conciliation center. The District Court with jurisdiction over the claimant's tax domicile has jurisdiction.
Official heading (Spanish): COMPETENCIA POR TERRITORIO PARA CONOCER DEL AMPARO INDIRECTO CONTRA LA MULTA IMPUESTA POR UN CENTRO DE CONCILIACIÓN LABORAL ESTATAL. CORRESPONDE AL JUZGADO DE DISTRITO CON JURISDICCIÓN EN EL DOMICILIO FISCAL DE LA PARTE QUEJOSA.
An indirect amparo against a fine imposed by a state labor conciliation center must be filed before the District Court covering the claimant's tax domicile.
Income tax withholding. It is unnecessary for the labor authority to state in the award or judgment that the employer must withhold on the amounts awarded.
Official heading (Spanish): RETENCIÓN DEL IMPUESTO SOBRE LA RENTA. ES INNECESARIO QUE LA AUTORIDAD LABORAL ESTABLEZCA EN EL LAUDO O SENTENCIA LA OBLIGACIÓN DE LA PATRONAL DE REALIZARLA RESPECTO DE LAS CANTIDADES CONDENADAS.
A labor award or judgment need not expressly order the employer to withhold income tax on the amounts awarded. When paying a judgment, the company should plan for withholding even if the ruling is silent.
Auxiliary of the federal public administration. Under the Federal Tax Code and the Income Tax Law, an employer that withholds that tax from workers takes on that status, even when the salary income arises from an award or judgment.
Official heading (Spanish): AUXILIAR DE LA ADMINISTRACIÓN PÚBLICA FEDERAL. CONFORME AL CÓDIGO FISCAL DE LA FEDERACIÓN Y A LA LEY DEL IMPUESTO SOBRE LA RENTA, LA PATRONAL QUE RETIENE DICHO TRIBUTO A CARGO DE SUS TRABAJADORES ADQUIERE ESA CALIDAD, INCLUSO CUANDO LOS INGRESOS SALARIALES DERIVEN DE UN LAUDO O SENTENCIA CONDENATORIA.
An employer that withholds income tax from workers acts as an auxiliary of the federal public administration, including when payment stems from an award or judgment. It must withhold and remit on taxable back pay and severance.
Territorial jurisdiction over indirect amparo against failure to issue an award in a case before a dissolved Board. It lies with the District Court where the labor authority that must now issue the ruling is located.
Official heading (Spanish): COMPETENCIA POR TERRITORIO PARA CONOCER DEL AMPARO INDIRECTO CONTRA LA OMISIÓN DE DICTAR EL LAUDO EN UN JUICIO SUSTANCIADO ANTE UNA JUNTA EXTINGUIDA. SE SURTE EN FAVOR DEL JUZGADO DE DISTRITO QUE EJERZA JURISDICCIÓN EN EL LUGAR DONDE RESIDA LA AUTORIDAD LABORAL QUE DEBE EMITIR LA RESOLUCIÓN EN SUSTITUCIÓN DE AQUÉLLA.
Indirect amparo against failure to issue an award in a case before a dissolved Board falls to the District Court where the labor authority now responsible for ruling is located.
Territorial jurisdiction over indirect amparo against a ruling on a liquidation incident in a labor case. It lies with the District Court where the act is to be materially executed, regardless of agreements changing the Boards' jurisdiction.
Official heading (Spanish): COMPETENCIA POR TERRITORIO PARA CONOCER DEL AMPARO INDIRECTO CONTRA LA DETERMINACIÓN QUE RESOLVIÓ UN INCIDENTE DE LIQUIDACIÓN EN UN JUICIO LABORAL. CORRESPONDE AL JUZGADO DE DISTRITO CON JURISDICCIÓN DONDE SE VINCULE LA EJECUCIÓN MATERIAL, CON INDEPENDENCIA DE LOS ACUERDOS QUE MODIFIQUEN O AMPLÍEN LA COMPETENCIA DE LAS JUNTAS LABORALES.
For indirect amparo against a ruling on a labor liquidation incident, the District Court where the act will be materially executed has jurisdiction, regardless of agreements altering the Boards' jurisdiction.
Cap on pensions granted under Articles 4 and 5 of the IMSS Retirement and Pension Regime. The sum of two pensions cannot exceed 100% of the employee's active-service salary, as that would contravene the basic principles of social security.
Official heading (Spanish): LIMITANTE DE LAS PENSIONES OTORGADAS CONFORME A LOS ARTÍCULOS 4 Y 5 DEL RÉGIMEN DE JUBILACIONES Y PENSIONES DE LOS TRABAJADORES DEL INSTITUTO MEXICANO DEL SEGURO SOCIAL. LA SUMA DE DOS PENSIONES NO PUEDE SER SUPERIOR AL 100 % DEL SALARIO QUE PERCIBÍA EL TRABAJADOR CUANDO ERA EMPLEADO EN ACTIVO, PUES ELLO CONTRAVENDRÍA LOS PRINCIPIOS FUNDAMENTALES DE LA SEGURIDAD SOCIAL.
The sum of two pensions granted under Articles 4 and 5 of the IMSS retirement and pension regime cannot exceed 100% of the salary the employee earned while active.
Temporary disability from non-occupational illness caused by drug addiction. The worker's rehabilitation takes priority over sanctions, so the employment relationship should be suspended, not rescinded.
Official heading (Spanish): INCAPACIDAD TEMPORAL POR ENFERMEDADES NO PROFESIONALES DERIVADAS DE ADICCIÓN A LAS DROGAS. DEBE PRIVILEGIARSE LA REHABILITACIÓN DE LA PERSONA TRABAJADORA ANTES DE LA IMPOSICIÓN DE SANCIONES, POR LO QUE NO SE DEBE RESCINDIR LA RELACIÓN DE TRABAJO SINO, EN TODO CASO, SUSPENDERLA.
If a worker is temporarily disabled by drug dependency, the employer must prioritize rehabilitation before imposing sanctions. The employment relationship should at most be suspended, not rescinded.
IMSS retirement and pension regime. Applying jurisprudence PR.P.T.CS. J/64 L (11a.) is not retroactive to the detriment of workers.
Official heading (Spanish): RÉGIMEN DE JUBILACIONES Y PENSIONES DEL INSTITUTO MEXICANO DEL SEGURO SOCIAL (IMSS). LA APLICACIÓN DE LA JURISPRUDENCIA PR.P.T.CS. J/64 L (11a.) NO IMPLICA RETROACTIVIDAD EN PERJUICIO DE LAS PERSONAS TRABAJADORAS
Applying jurisprudence PR.P.T.CS. J/64 L (11a.) on the IMSS retirement and pension regime is not retroactive to the detriment of workers.
Severance of labor cases. When severance is held improper, the restorative effects of the ruling must be broad and comprehensive, with a pull effect, to restore the unity of the proceeding.
Official heading (Spanish): SEPARACIÓN DE JUICIOS EN MATERIA LABORAL. LOS EFECTOS RESTITUTORIOS DE LA SENTENCIA QUE LA DECLARA IMPROCEDENTE DEBEN SER AMPLIOS, INTEGRALES Y ATRAYENTES PARA RESTABLECER LA UNIDAD DEL PROCEDIMIENTO.
When severance of labor cases is held improper, the ruling's effects must be broad and comprehensive so as to restore the proceeding to its original unity.
Standing in a non-contentious labor proceeding to deliver a notice of termination. The employer's legal representative must be warned and required to prove capacity before the request is dismissed.
Official heading (Spanish): PERSONALIDAD EN UN PROCEDIMIENTO PARAPROCESAL LABORAL PARA LA ENTREGA DEL AVISO DE RESCISIÓN. SE DEBE PREVENIR Y REQUERIR AL REPRESENTANTE LEGAL DE LA PARTE PATRONAL PARA QUE LA ACREDITE, PREVIO A DESECHAR LA PETICIÓN RESPECTIVA.
In the non-contentious proceeding to deliver a notice of termination, the authority must first require the employer's representative to prove capacity before dismissing the request. Have the power of attorney ready when filing.
Administrative liability. The head of the complaints and investigations unit of an internal control body must, on its own motion, order protective measures for a workplace harassment complainant, even if the complaint is not anonymous (Article 64, last paragraph, of the General Law).
Official heading (Spanish): RESPONSABILIDADES ADMINISTRATIVAS. LA PERSONA TITULAR DEL ÁREA DE QUEJAS, DENUNCIAS E INVESTIGACIONES DE LOS ÓRGANOS INTERNOS DE CONTROL TIENE LA OBLIGACIÓN, DE OFICIO, DE PROVEER SOBRE LAS MEDIDAS DE PROTECCIÓN PARA RESGUARDAR LA INTEGRIDAD DE LA PERSONA DENUNCIANTE DE HOSTIGAMIENTO O ACOSO LABORAL, INDEPENDIENTEMENTE DE QUE LA DENUNCIA NO SEA ANÓNIMA (ARTÍCULO 64, ÚLTIMO PÁRRAFO, DE LA LEY GENERAL RELATIVA).
The head of an internal control body's complaints and investigations unit must order protective measures on its own motion for a person reporting workplace harassment, even when the report is not anonymous (Article 64, last paragraph).
Presumptive determination of taxes for failure to export goods abroad. Requiring joint proof of the scenarios in Article 59, section IX, of the Federal Tax Code does not violate legal certainty.
Official heading (Spanish): DETERMINACIÓN PRESUNTIVA DE CONTRIBUCIONES RELATIVA A LA FALTA DE EXPORTACIÓN DE MERCANCÍAS A TERRITORIO EXTRANJERO. EXIGIR LA DEMOSTRACIÓN CONJUNTA DE LAS HIPÓTESIS PREVISTAS EN EL ARTÍCULO 59, FRACCIÓN IX, DEL CÓDIGO FISCAL DE LA FEDERACIÓN, NO VIOLA EL PRINCIPIO DE SEGURIDAD JURÍDICA.
Requiring joint proof of the scenarios in Article 59, section IX, of the Federal Tax Code to rebut a presumptive assessment for failure to export does not violate legal certainty. Document the entire chain.
Jurisdiction by subject matter over the complaint appeal (recurso de queja) when the contested act in an indirect amparo is the fine imposed by the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registry for failing to attend the pre-trial conciliation hearing. A Collegiate Circuit Court in administrative matters has jurisdiction.
Official heading (Spanish): COMPETENCIA POR MATERIA PARA CONOCER DEL RECURSO DE QUEJA CUANDO EL ACTO RECLAMADO EN AMPARO INDIRECTO CONSISTE EN LA MULTA IMPUESTA POR EL CENTRO FEDERAL DE CONCILIACIÓN Y REGISTRO LABORAL POR LA INASISTENCIA A LA AUDIENCIA DE CONCILIACIÓN PREJUDICIAL. CORRESPONDE A UN TRIBUNAL COLEGIADO DE CIRCUITO EN MATERIA ADMINISTRATIVA.
When an indirect amparo challenges the fine imposed by the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registry for missing the pre-trial conciliation hearing, the related queja appeal belongs to a Collegiate Circuit Court in administrative matters.
Statute of limitations in labor matters. The time during which the Federal Conciliation and Arbitration Tribunal was closed solely because of the COVID-19 pandemic must be excluded from the count.
Official heading (Spanish): PRESCRIPCIÓN DE LA ACCIÓN EN MATERIA LABORAL. DEBE EXCLUIRSE DEL CÓMPUTO EL TIEMPO EN QUE EL TRIBUNAL FEDERAL DE CONCILIACIÓN Y ARBITRAJE SUSPENDIÓ LABORES EXCLUSIVAMENTE CON MOTIVO DE LA PANDEMIA ORIGINADA POR EL VIRUS SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19).
For limitation purposes in labor claims, the time during which the Federal Conciliation and Arbitration Tribunal suspended operations solely because of the COVID-19 pandemic is not counted.
Fine for failing to appear at pre-trial conciliation. Indirect amparo is available against it because it causes irreparable harm.
Official heading (Spanish): MULTA POR INCOMPARECENCIA AL PROCEDIMIENTO DE CONCILIACIÓN PREJUDICIAL. EN SU CONTRA PROCEDE EL AMPARO INDIRECTO AL GENERAR UNA AFECTACIÓN DE IMPOSIBLE REPARACIÓN.
Indirect amparo ordinarily lies only against the act ending pre-trial conciliation, but a fine for failing to appear may be challenged at once because it causes irreparable harm.
Indirect amparo against the decision ending pre-trial labor conciliation. It allows review of all violations that occurred during the proceeding.
Official heading (Spanish): AMPARO INDIRECTO CONTRA LA DETERMINACIÓN QUE CONCLUYE EL PROCEDIMIENTO DE CONCILIACIÓN PREJUDICIAL LABORAL. PROCEDE PARA EL ANÁLISIS DE TODAS LAS VIOLACIONES ACONTECIDAS DURANTE SU TRAMITACIÓN.
Indirect amparo against the decision ending pre-trial labor conciliation lets the claimant raise every violation committed during the process. It is best to gather them all in a single complaint.
Labor agreements reached before Conciliation Centers. Unjustified delay in enforcing them materially harms the right to prompt and expeditious justice and supports indirect amparo.
Official heading (Spanish): CONVENIOS LABORALES CELEBRADOS ANTE LOS CENTROS DE CONCILIACIÓN. LA DILACIÓN INJUSTIFICADA EN EJECUTARLOS ACTUALIZA UNA AFECTACIÓN MATERIAL AL DERECHO A UNA JUSTICIA PRONTA Y EXPEDITA QUE JUSTIFICA LA PROCEDENCIA DEL JUICIO DE AMPARO INDIRECTO.
If those responsible for performing an agreement reached before a Conciliation Center delay without justification, indirect amparo is available because the delay materially harms the right to prompt and expeditious justice.
Individual social security disputes. Evidence on the number of weeks contributed may be offered until the hearing closes, under Article 880, section II, of the Federal Labor Law (law in force until May 1, 2019).
Official heading (Spanish): CONFLICTOS INDIVIDUALES DE SEGURIDAD SOCIAL. LAS PRUEBAS RELACIONADAS CON EL NÚMERO DE SEMANAS COTIZADAS PUEDEN OFRECERSE HASTA ANTES DEL CIERRE DE LA AUDIENCIA DE CONCILIACIÓN, DEMANDA Y EXCEPCIONES, PRUEBAS Y RESOLUCIÓN, CONFORME AL ARTÍCULO 880, FRACCIÓN II, DE LA LEY FEDERAL DEL TRABAJO (LEGISLACIÓN VIGENTE HASTA EL 1 DE MAYO DE 2019).
In individual social security disputes, evidence on weeks contributed may be offered until the hearing closes, under Article 880, section II, of the Federal Labor Law (in force until May 1, 2019).
Inconsistencies in a labor complaint. When a labor judge notices them, the petitioner must be asked to correct them.
Official heading (Spanish): INCONSISTENCIAS EN LA DEMANDA LABORAL. CUANDO EL JUEZ LABORAL LAS ADVIERTA, DEBE PREVENIR A LA PROMOVENTE PARA QUE LAS SUBSANE.
When a labor judge notices inconsistencies in the complaint, the petitioner must be asked to correct them before the case is closed. Immediate dismissal is not proper.
Pre-trial conciliation in labor proceedings. It is unnecessary to exhaust it with interested third parties.
Official heading (Spanish): CONCILIACIÓN PREJUDICIAL EN EL JUICIO LABORAL. ES INNECESARIO AGOTARLA CON LOS TERCEROS INTERESADOS.
The pre-trial conciliation certificate is required only for the parties in dispute. It need not be filed for those who take part in the labor case as interested third parties.
Workplace risk insurance premium. The formula for the reference premium in the Social Security Law remains in force even if IMSS has not exercised the three-year review power in Article 76.
Official heading (Spanish): DETERMINACIÓN DE LA PRIMA EN EL SEGURO DE RIESGOS DE TRABAJO. LA FÓRMULA PARA CALCULAR LA PRIMA DE REFERENCIA ESTABLECIDA EN LA LEY DEL SEGURO SOCIAL, CONTINÚA VIGENTE, AUN CUANDO EL INSTITUTO MEXICANO DEL SEGURO SOCIAL NO HAYA EJERCIDO LA FACULTAD PREVISTA EN EL ARTÍCULO 76 DE LA LEY DEL SEGURO SOCIAL, QUE ESTABLECE LA REVISIÓN DE AQUELLA CADA TRES AÑOS.
The reference premium formula for workplace risk insurance in the Social Security Law stays in force even if IMSS has not conducted the three-year review in Article 76. The Institute's inaction does not invalidate the calculation.
Field audit order. It is tied to the IMSS review of a certified public accountant's financial statement opinion.
Official heading (Spanish): ORDEN DE VISITA DOMICILIARIA. ESTÁ VINCULADA CON EL PROCEDIMIENTO DE REVISIÓN QUE EL INSTITUTO MEXICANO DEL SEGURO SOCIAL (IMSS) REALIZA AL DICTAMEN DE ESTADOS FINANCIEROS DE LA PERSONA CONTADORA PÚBLICA CERTIFICADA.
A field audit order is tied to the IMSS's review of a certified public accountant's financial statement opinion.
Employer contributions for severance in advanced age and old age. Article 168, section II, subsection a) of the Social Security Law and the second transitory article of the decree published December 16, 2020 do not violate the tax principles of proportionality and equity.
Official heading (Spanish): APORTACIONES PATRONALES EN LOS RAMOS DE CESANTÍA EN EDAD AVANZADA Y VEJEZ. LOS ARTÍCULOS 168, FRACCIÓN II, INCISO A), DE LA LEY DEL SEGURO SOCIAL Y SEGUNDO TRANSITORIO DEL DECRETO QUE LA REFORMA, PUBLICADO EL 16 DE DICIEMBRE DE 2020, NO VIOLAN LOS PRINCIPIOS TRIBUTARIOS DE PROPORCIONALIDAD Y EQUIDAD.
The progressive rate in Article 168, section II, subsection a) of the Social Security Law and its second transitory article (December 16, 2020 decree) does not violate tax proportionality or equity. Useful for weighing the odds of challenging how these employer contributions are calculated.
Employer contributions for severance in advanced age and old age. Article 168, section II, subsection a) of the Social Security Law and the second transitory article of the amending decree published December 16, 2020, by setting a progressive rate to calculate payment, are adequate and proportional.
Official heading (Spanish): APORTACIONES PATRONALES EN LOS RAMOS DE CESANTÍA EN EDAD AVANZADA Y VEJEZ. LOS ARTÍCULOS 168, FRACCIÓN II, INCISO A), DE LA LEY DEL SEGURO SOCIAL Y SEGUNDO TRANSITORIO DEL DECRETO QUE LA REFORMÓ, PUBLICADO EL 16 DE DICIEMBRE DE 2020, AL ESTABLECER UNA TARIFA PROGRESIVA PARA CALCULAR EL PAGO RESPECTIVO RESULTAN ADECUADOS Y PROPORCIONALES.
The court holds that the progressive rate used to calculate employer contributions for severance in advanced age and old age (Article 168, section II, subsection a) of the Social Security Law and the 2020 decree's second transitory article) is adequate and proportional.
Employer contributions for severance in advanced age and old age. The essential elements employers need to calculate them follow from a systematic analysis of the Social Security Law.
Official heading (Spanish): APORTACIONES PATRONALES EN LOS RAMOS DE CESANTÍA EN EDAD AVANZADA Y VEJEZ. LOS ELEMENTOS ESENCIALES PARA QUE LOS PATRONES LAS CALCULEN SE DESPRENDEN DE UN ANÁLISIS SISTEMÁTICO DE LA LEY DEL SEGURO SOCIAL.
The essential elements for calculating these contributions need not sit in a single provision; they come from reading the Social Security Law as a whole. Anyone challenging the calculation for lack of legal certainty should expect this argument.
Cancellation of employer registration is a final resolution that can be challenged.
Official heading (Spanish): BAJA DE REGISTRO PATRONAL. CONSTITUYE UNA RESOLUCIÓN DEFINITIVA SUSCEPTIBLE DE IMPUGNACIÓN.
The cancellation of an employer registration is a final resolution that can be challenged before the TFJA, as it affects compliance with tax and social security obligations.
Competence of IMSS sub-delegation heads to issue social security contribution assessments. Citing agreement ACDO.SA2.HCT.270116/30.P.DJ of the IMSS Technical Council is unnecessary for proper legal grounding.
Official heading (Spanish): COMPETENCIA DE LOS TITULARES DE LAS SUBDELEGACIONES DEL INSTITUTO MEXICANO DEL SEGURO SOCIAL (IMSS) PARA EMITIR CÉDULAS DE LIQUIDACIÓN DE CUOTAS OBRERO PATRONALES. ES INNECESARIO CITAR EL ACUERDO ACDO.SA2.HCT.270116/30.P.DJ DICTADO POR EL CONSEJO TÉCNICO DE DICHO INSTITUTO PARA CONSIDERARLA DEBIDAMENTE FUNDADA.
To ground the competence of IMSS sub-delegation heads issuing contribution assessments, it is unnecessary to cite agreement ACDO.SA2.HCT.270116/30.P.DJ of the Technical Council.
Rules on work-risk and disability assessment of the ISSSTE. Procedure and classification of probable work risk. The governing rule must be interpreted to optimize its exercise, per the pro homine principle.
Official heading (Spanish): REGLAMENTO PARA LA DICTAMINACIÓN EN MATERIA DE RIESGOS DEL TRABAJO E INVALIDEZ DEL INSTITUTO DE SEGURIDAD Y SERVICIOS SOCIALES DE LOS TRABAJADORES DEL ESTADO PROCEDIMIENTO. LA CALIFICACIÓN DE PROBABLE RIESGO DE TRABAJO. LA NORMA QUE LO PREVÉ DEBE INTERPRETARSE DE MANERA QUE OPTIMICE SU EJERCICIO, EN ATENCIÓN AL PRINCIPIO PRO HOMINE.
In the ISSSTE probable work-risk classification, if abandonment or deliberate delay is alleged, the authority must prove it informed the claimant. The rule is interpreted under the pro homine principle.
Suspension of agreement ACDO.AS2.HCT.151220/340.P.DPES issued by the Technical Council of the IMSS. Granting it is inadmissible because it harms the social interest and deprives workers of their rights to health and social security.
Official heading (Spanish): SUSPENSIÓN DEL “ACUERDO ACDO.AS2.HCT.151220/ 340.P.DPES” DICTADO POR EL CONSEJO TÉCNICO DEL INSTITUTO MEXICANO DEL SEGURO SOCIAL, RESULTA IMPROCEDENTE SU OTORGAMIENTO, AL PERJUDICAR EL INTERÉS SOCIAL Y PRIVAR A LOS TRABAJADORES DE SUS DERECHOS A LA SALUD Y SEGURIDAD SOCIAL.-
The suspension of IMSS Technical Council agreement ACDO.AS2.HCT.151220/340.P.DPES is inadmissible because it would harm the social interest and workers' rights to health and social security in the context of the SARS-CoV2 pandemic.
Labor subcontracting. The Agreement on registering providers of specialized services or works does set out the requirements for registration in the public registry, so it does not violate legal certainty.
Official heading (Spanish): SUBCONTRATACIÓN LABORAL. EL ACUERDO PARA EL REGISTRO DE PERSONAS QUE PRESTAN SERVICIOS O EJECUTEN OBRAS ESPECIALIZADAS, SÍ ESTABLECE LOS REQUERIMIENTOS NECESARIOS PARA DARSE DE ALTA EN EL PADRÓN PÚBLICO RESPECTIVO, POR LO QUE NO SE VIOLA EL PRINCIPIO DE SEGURIDAD JURÍDICA.
The Agreement on registering providers of specialized services or works does set out the requirements for entry into the public registry, so it respects legal certainty.
Labor subcontracting. Article 12 of the Federal Labor Law, prohibiting staff subcontracting, does not violate the principle of legal certainty.
Official heading (Spanish): SUBCONTRATACIÓN LABORAL. EL ARTÍCULO 12 DE LA LEY FEDERAL DEL TRABAJO QUE PROHÍBE LA SUBCONTRATACIÓN DE PERSONAL, NO CONTRAVIENE EL PRINCIPIO DE SEGURIDAD JURÍDICA.
Article 12 of the Federal Labor Law, which prohibits staff subcontracting, does not violate legal certainty: the reasons for the ban follow from the abusive practices that drove the reform.
Labor subcontracting. Article 12 of the Federal Labor Law, prohibiting staff subcontracting, does not violate the right to a hearing.
Official heading (Spanish): SUBCONTRATACIÓN LABORAL. EL ARTÍCULO 12 DE LA LEY FEDERAL DEL TRABAJO QUE PROHÍBE LA SUBCONTRATACIÓN DE PERSONAL, NO VULNERA EL DERECHO DE AUDIENCIA.
The ban on staff subcontracting in Article 12 of the Federal Labor Law, as amended April 23, 2021, does not violate the right to a hearing, since it addresses a widespread problem.
Labor subcontracting. Article Eight, point 1, subsection g), of the Agreement on registering providers of specialized services or works, requiring the geolocation of the employer's stated address, does not violate privacy or personal data protection rights.
Official heading (Spanish): SUBCONTRATACIÓN LABORAL. EL ARTÍCULO OCTAVO, PUNTO 1, INCISO G), DEL ACUERDO PARA EL REGISTRO DE PERSONAS QUE PRESTAN SERVICIOS O EJECUTEN OBRAS ESPECIALIZADAS, QUE ESTABLECE COMO REQUISITO PARA ELLO, SE PROPORCIONE LA GEOLOCALIZACIÓN DEL DOMICILIO SEÑALADO POR LOS EMPLEADORES, NO ES VIOLATORIO DE LOS DERECHOS A LA PRIVACIDAD Y A LA PROTECCIÓN DE DATOS PERSONALES.
Requiring geolocation of the employer's address for registration of specialized providers (Agreement, Article Eight, point 1, subsection g)) does not violate privacy or personal data protection.
Labor subcontracting. The requirement to be current on tax and social security obligations to register with the Labor Ministry under Article 15 of the Federal Labor Law does not violate the principles of legality and legal certainty.
Official heading (Spanish): SUBCONTRATACIÓN LABORAL. EL REQUISITO DE ESTAR AL CORRIENTE EN LAS OBLIGACIONES FISCALES Y DE SEGURIDAD SOCIAL, PARA SOLICITAR EL REGISTRO ANTE LA SECRETARÍA DEL TRABAJO Y PREVISIÓN SOCIAL, EN TÉRMINOS DEL ARTÍCULO 15 DE LA LEY FEDERAL DEL TRABAJO, NO CONTRAVIENE LOS PRINCIPIOS DE LEGALIDAD Y DE SEGURIDAD JURÍDICA.
To register in the specialized-services registry with the Labor Ministry (Article 15, Federal Labor Law), a provider must be current on tax and social security obligations. The requirement is valid.
Labor subcontracting. The repeal of the second paragraph of Article 75 of the Social Security Law by the decree published April 23, 2021 does not violate the principle of non-retroactivity.
Official heading (Spanish): SUBCONTRATACIÓN LABORAL. LA DEROGACIÓN DEL PÁRRAFO SEGUNDO DEL ARTÍCULO 75 DE LA LEY DEL SEGURO SOCIAL, MEDIANTE DECRETO PUBLICADO EN EL DIARIO OFICIAL DE LA FEDERACIÓN EL 23 DE ABRIL DE 2021, NO CONTRAVIENE EL PRINCIPIO DE IRRETROACTIVIDAD DE LA LEY.
Repealing the second paragraph of Article 75 of the Social Security Law through the April 23, 2021 decree does not violate non-retroactivity.
Labor subcontracting. The repeal of the second paragraph of Article 75 of the Social Security Law by the decree published April 23, 2021 is not disproportionate.
Official heading (Spanish): SUBCONTRATACIÓN LABORAL. LA DEROGACIÓN DEL PÁRRAFO SEGUNDO DEL ARTÍCULO 75 DE LA LEY DEL SEGURO SOCIAL, MEDIANTE DECRETO PUBLICADO EN EL DIARIO OFICIAL DE LA FEDERACIÓN EL 23 DE ABRIL DE 2021, NO RESULTA DESPROPORCIONAL.
The repeal of the second paragraph of Article 75 of the Social Security Law (April 23, 2021 decree) is proportionate within a specialized subcontracting model.
Labor subcontracting. The repeal of the second paragraph of Article 75 of the Social Security Law by the decree published April 23, 2021 does not violate legal certainty.
Official heading (Spanish): SUBCONTRATACIÓN LABORAL. LA DEROGACIÓN DEL PÁRRAFO SEGUNDO DEL ARTÍCULO 75 DE LA LEY DEL SEGURO SOCIAL, MEDIANTE DECRETO PUBLICADO EN EL DIARIO OFICIAL DE LA FEDERACIÓN EL 23 DE ABRIL DE 2021, NO VULNERA EL PRINCIPIO DE SEGURIDAD JURÍDICA.
Repealing the second paragraph of Article 75 of the Social Security Law does not violate legal certainty, as its content is incompatible with the specialized subcontracting model.
Labor subcontracting. The obligation to register in the Public Registry of specialized services or works under Article 15 of the Federal Labor Law is not compulsory or forced labor.
Official heading (Spanish): SUBCONTRATACIÓN LABORAL. LA OBLIGACIÓN DE DARSE DE ALTA EN EL PADRÓN PÚBLICO DE SERVICIOS ESPECIALIZADOS U OBRAS ESPECIALIZADAS A QUE SE REFIERE EL ARTÍCULO 15 DE LA LEY FEDERAL DEL TRABAJO, NO CONSTITUYE UN SUPUESTO DE TRABAJO OBLIGATORIO O FORZOSO.
Registering in the public registry of specialized services or works (Article 15, Federal Labor Law) is not compulsory or forced labor, as it does not mean working for someone else without pay.
Labor subcontracting. The failure to specify how the electronic signature must be safeguarded under Article Eight, point 1, subsection a), of the Agreement does not violate privacy or personal data protection rights.
Official heading (Spanish): SUBCONTRATACIÓN LABORAL. LA OMISIÓN DE PRECISAR LA FORMA EN QUE DEBE SER RESGUARDADA LA FIRMA ELECTRÓNICA A QUE HACE REFERENCIA EL ARTÍCULO OCTAVO, PUNTO 1, INCISO A), DEL ACUERDO PARA EL REGISTRO DE PERSONAS QUE PRESTAN SERVICIOS O EJECUTEN OBRAS ESPECIALIZADAS, NO IMPLICA UNA VIOLACIÓN AL DERECHO A LA PRIVACIDAD Y A LA PROTECCIÓN DE DATOS PERSONALES.
The Agreement's silence on how to safeguard the electronic signature (Article Eight, point 1, subsection a)) does not violate privacy or personal data protection.
Labor subcontracting. The general ban on staff subcontracting from the April 23, 2021 decree does not affect legal certainty regarding foreign investors.
Official heading (Spanish): SUBCONTRATACIÓN LABORAL. LA PROHIBICIÓN DE LA SUBCONTRATACIÓN DE PERSONAL EN GENERAL DERIVADA DEL DECRETO PUBLICADO EN EL DIARIO OFICIAL DE LA FEDERACIÓN EL 23 DE ABRIL DE 2021, NO AFECTA LOS PRINCIPIOS DE SEGURIDAD Y CERTEZA JURÍDICA, EN RELACIÓN CON LOS INVERSIONISTAS EXTRANJEROS.
The general ban on staff subcontracting under the April 23, 2021 decree does not affect legal certainty for foreign investors.
Labor subcontracting. Joint liability of the beneficiary of subcontracted services for the provider's labor and social security non-compliance does not violate the principles of certainty and legal certainty.
Official heading (Spanish): SUBCONTRATACIÓN LABORAL. LA RESPONSABILIDAD SOLIDARIA QUE SE ATRIBUYE AL BENEFICIARIO DE LOS SERVICIOS DE SUBCONTRATACIÓN EN CASO DE INCUMPLIMIENTO DE LAS OBLIGACIONES LABORALES Y DE SEGURIDAD SOCIAL POR PARTE DEL PRESTADOR DE LOS SERVICIOS, NO CONTRAVIENE LOS PRINCIPIOS DE CERTEZA Y DE SEGURIDAD JURÍDICA.
The beneficiary of specialized services is jointly liable for the provider's labor and social security defaults, and this does not violate legal certainty. Monitor your providers.
Labor subcontracting. Articles 12 and 13 of the Federal Labor Law, by prohibiting staff subcontracting while allowing specialized services or works, do not violate the freedom of commerce.
Official heading (Spanish): SUBCONTRATACIÓN LABORAL. LOS ARTÍCULOS 12 Y 13 DE LA LEY FEDERAL DEL TRABAJO, AL PROHIBIR LA SUBCONTRATACIÓN DE PERSONAL Y PERMITIR LA DE SERVICIOS U OBRAS ESPECIALIZADAS, NO TRANSGREDEN EL DERECHO A LA LIBERTAD DE COMERCIO.
Articles 12 and 13 of the Federal Labor Law do not violate freedom of commerce under Article 5 of the Constitution, as they regulate subcontracting rather than ban it outright.
Labor subcontracting. Articles 12 and 13 of the Federal Labor Law, by prohibiting staff subcontracting while allowing specialized services or works, do not violate the principle of non-retroactivity.
Official heading (Spanish): SUBCONTRATACIÓN LABORAL. LOS ARTÍCULOS 12 Y 13 DE LA LEY FEDERAL DEL TRABAJO, AL PROHIBIR LA SUBCONTRATACIÓN DE PERSONAL Y PERMITIR LA DE SERVICIOS U OBRAS ESPECIALIZADAS, NO TRANSGREDEN EL PRINCIPIO DE IRRETROACTIVIDAD DE LA LEY.
Articles 12 and 13 of the Federal Labor Law, as amended April 23, 2021, do not violate non-retroactivity, as they do not affect past factual situations.
Labor subcontracting. Article 15 of the Federal Labor Law, Article 15-A of the Social Security Law and Article 29 Bis of the INFONAVIT Law, in setting obligations and requirements to provide specialized services or works, do not violate the principle of reasonableness.
Official heading (Spanish): SUBCONTRATACIÓN LABORAL. LOS ARTÍCULOS 15 DE LA LEY FEDERAL DEL TRABAJO, 15-A DE LA LEY DEL SEGURO SOCIAL Y 29 BIS DE LA LEY DEL INSTITUTO DEL FONDO NACIONAL DE LA VIVIENDA PARA LOS TRABAJADORES, AL ESTABLECER OBLIGACIONES Y REQUISITOS PARA PRESTAR SERVICIOS U OBRAS ESPECIALIZADAS, NO TRANSGREDEN EL PRINCIPIO DE RAZONABILIDAD.
Article 15 of the Federal Labor Law, Article 15-A of the Social Security Law and Article 29 Bis of the INFONAVIT Law, which set obligations for providing specialized services or works, do not violate the reasonableness principle.
Labor subcontracting. Articles Eight (point 2), Fourteen (subsection b)) and Fifteen (subsection c)) of the Agreement do not violate legal certainty even though they do not specify which social security and tax obligations each employer must meet.
Official heading (Spanish): SUBCONTRATACIÓN LABORAL. LOS ARTÍCULOS OCTAVO, PUNTO 2, DÉCIMO CUARTO, INCISO B), Y DÉCIMO QUINTO, INCISO C), DEL ACUERDO PARA EL REGISTRO DE PERSONAS QUE PRESTAN SERVICIOS O EJECUTEN OBRAS ESPECIALIZADAS, NO TRANSGREDEN EL PRINCIPIO DE SEGURIDAD JURÍDICA, AUN CUANDO NO PRECISEN CUÁLES SON LAS OBLIGACIONES EN MATERIA DE SEGURIDAD SOCIAL Y FISCAL QUE CADA UNO DE LOS PATRONES DEBE CUMPLIR.
Articles Eight (point 2), Fourteen (b) and Fifteen (c) of the Agreement do not violate legal certainty, even without listing the specific tax and social security obligations each employer must meet.
Labor subcontracting. Article Fourteen, subsection a), of the Agreement, allowing registration to be denied when specialized character is not proven, is unconstitutional.
Official heading (Spanish): SUBCONTRATACIÓN LABORAL. EL ARTÍCULO DÉCIMO CUARTO, INCISO A), DEL ACUERDO PARA EL REGISTRO DE PERSONAS QUE PRESTAN SERVICIOS O EJECUTEN OBRAS ESPECIALIZADAS, AL ESTABLECER QUE SE PODRÁ NEGAR EL REGISTRO CUANDO NO SE ACREDITE EL CARÁCTER ESPECIALIZADO, ES INCONSTITUCIONAL.
Article Fourteen, subsection a), of the Agreement, which lets the Labor Ministry deny registration when specialized character is not shown, is unconstitutional.
Labor subcontracting. Article Eight, point 3, first paragraph (second part), second and third paragraphs, of the Agreement, to the extent it requires proving specialized character, is unconstitutional.
Official heading (Spanish): SUBCONTRATACIÓN LABORAL. EL ARTÍCULO OCTAVO, PUNTO 3, PRIMER PÁRRAFO, SEGUNDA PARTE, SEGUNDO Y TERCER PÁRRAFOS, DEL ACUERDO PARA EL REGISTRO DE PERSONAS QUE PRESTAN SERVICIOS O EJECUTEN OBRAS ESPECIALIZADAS EN LA PORCIÓN NORMATIVA QUE EXIGE ACREDITAR EL CARÁCTER ESPECIALIZADO, ES INCONSTITUCIONAL.
The part of Article Eight, point 3, of the Agreement that requires proof of specialized character to enter the contractors' registry is unconstitutional.
Rectification of the work-risk insurance premium. IMSS may order a visit to the company's premises to determine its activity.
Official heading (Spanish): RECTIFICACIÓN DE LA PRIMA EN EL SEGURO DE RIESGOS DE TRABAJO. EL INSTITUTO MEXICANO DEL SEGURO SOCIAL, TIENE LA FACULTAD DE ORDENAR UNA VISITA A LAS INSTALACIONES DE LA EMPRESA, CON EL FIN DE DETER- MINAR LA ACTIVIDAD A QUE SE DEDICA.-
IMSS may order a visit to a company's premises to confirm its activity and classify it for the work-risk insurance premium, without relying only on documents.
Clarification of IMSS assessments for employer-employee contributions. Filing it interrupts the period to file the objection appeal and to bring the federal administrative action.
Official heading (Spanish): ACLARACIÓN DE CRÉDITOS EMITIDOS POR EL INSTITUTO MEXICANO DEL SEGURO SOCIAL (IMSS) POR CONCEPTO DE CUOTAS OBRERO PATRONALES. SU PRESENTACIÓN INTERRUMPE EL PLAZO TANTO PARA INTERPONER EL RECURSO DE INCONFORMIDAD, COMO PARA PROMOVER EL JUICIO CONTENCIOSO ADMINISTRATIVO FEDERAL.
A clarification request under article 151, second paragraph, of the Social Security Law regulations on registration, company classification, collection and audit interrupts the deadlines for both the objection appeal and the federal nullity action.
IMSS employer-employee contributions. The contribution base salary of the geographic area where the address registered for the employer registration is located must be used to determine the amount.
Official heading (Spanish): CUOTAS OBRERO PATRONALES DEL INSTITUTO MEXICANO DEL SEGURO SOCIAL. PARA DETERMINAR SU MONTO DEBE CONSIDERARSE EL SALARIO BASE DE COTIZACIÓN DEL ÁREA GEOGRÁFICA EN QUE SE ENCUENTRA EL DOMICILIO EN EL CUAL SE REALIZÓ EL REGISTRO PATRONAL.
IMSS contributions are calculated with the contribution base salary of the geographic area of the address tied to the employer registration, not the area of the individual work centers. Check that registrations match the right address.
Provisional stay in amparo. It cannot be granted against application of the agreement setting inspection criteria on subcontracting in export agroindustry, published in the Official Gazette on November 14, 2022.
Official heading (Spanish): SUSPENSIÓN PROVISIONAL EN EL AMPARO. NO PROCEDE CONCEDERLA RESPECTO DE LA APLICACIÓN DEL ACUERDO POR EL CUAL SE ESTABLECEN CRITERIOS DE INSPECCIÓN EN MATERIA DE SUBCONTRATACIÓN RELACIONADOS CON LA AGROINDUSTRIA DE EXPORTACIÓN, PUBLICADO EN EL DIARIO OFICIAL DE LA FEDERACIÓN EL 14 DE NOVIEMBRE DE 2022.
No provisional stay is granted against the Labor Ministry agreement (Official Gazette, November 14, 2022) on subcontracting inspections in export agroindustry, because it would harm the social interest. Companies must comply while litigating.
Provisional or definitive suspension in amparo. It is inadmissible if the contested act is the omission or refusal to comply with and fully enforce an award.
Official heading (Spanish): SUSPENSIÓN PROVISIONAL O DEFINITIVA EN EL JUICIO DE AMPARO. ES IMPROCEDENTE CONCEDERLA SI EL ACTO RECLAMADO ES LA OMISIÓN O NEGATIVA DE DAR CUMPLIMIENTO Y TOTAL EJECUCIÓN A UN LAUDO.
A provisional or definitive suspension is unavailable in amparo when the contested act is the omission or refusal to comply with and fully enforce an award.
Employment relationship. Standard for assessing evidence of its existence when the employer flatly denies it, amid signs of unjustified subcontracting (outsourcing or insourcing).
Official heading (Spanish): RELACIÓN DE TRABAJO. ESTÁNDAR DE VALORACIÓN DE PRUEBAS SOBRE SU EXISTENCIA CUANDO EL PATRÓN LA NIEGA EN FORMA LISA Y LLANA, EN EL CONTEXTO DE INDICIOS DE SUBCONTRATACIÓN INJUSTIFICADA (OUTSOURCING O INSOURCING).
When an employer flatly denies an employment relationship and there are signs of unjustified subcontracting, evidence is assessed under a standard that accounts for the outsourcing or insourcing context.
Prepared by Artegia for information only; not legal advice. Headings in English are unofficial translations. The official text is the one published in the Semanario Judicial de la Federación or the TFJA journal.